How to develop an app: Get started with the Nextcloud tutorials

From amateur to expert developer, our tutorials will show you to develop an app for Nextcloud, as well as how to reproduce bugs and do basic troubleshooting.

At Nextcloud, we focus on open source app development and are committed to providing our community all the tools they need to transform their ideas into real Nextcloud apps.

Why Nextcloud Apps?

Read on to discover our new Nextcloud App development tutorials, including setting up your environment, developing your actual app, testing, and troubleshooting.

1. Setting up a development environment

Dive right in by setting up your environment, locally or in GitHub Codespaces.

If you prefer to work locally, we offer tutorials for Ubuntu, Mac, and Windows. Depending on your operating system, this will take between half an hour to a few hours to set up.

You can also use this video explaining how to set up your development environment on a Mac operating system:

Do you prefer to work in GitHub? This tutorial offers a great solution for workshops or if you just quickly want to dip your toes in Nextcloud development.

With this development environment, you can follow the „Hello World“ app development tutorial and the „ToGif“ ExApp development tutorial.

2. How to develop an app: Your first app, a dashboard widget, and integration with Smart Picker

Now you’re ready to start developing your app! At Nextcloud, you will find tutorials to:

• Develop your first Hello World app
• Develop a simple interface-only app

Once done, you can start on the next tutorial: Developing a dashboard widget with Vue.js. With a widget you can make your app really come alive on the Nextcloud dashboard.

And you don’t need any Javascript knowledge to make it happen.

Do you want to go a bit further? Integrate your with an external provider with Smart Picker to create integrations and interactions with my different Nextcloud apps.

This includes Nextcloud Text, Nextcloud Talk, Nextcloud Notes, Nextcloud Deck, Nextcloud Collectives, and Nextcloud Mail.

3. The next level: How to develop an app with a navigation bar and database and add automated testing

With the next tutorial, you will learn how to develop a basic but complete app that can take notes. Based on that example, you can create your own app with a navigation bar and database.

After you’ve set up your own app, you can learn how to add automated tests with GitHub Actions, a continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) platform to automate your development workflow.

With GitHub Actions, app developers like you don’t have to deploy a test environment for all the different Nextcloud, PHP and database system versions.

After the tutorial you will know how to:

• Use GitHub Actions to set up a specific Nextcloud test environment
• Configure which tests to run
• Implement tests
• See if the tests have run successfully

4. How to develop an app in other programming languages

The previously mentioned tutorials show you how to develop Nextcloud apps using PHP, but some developers do not want to use PHP for various reasons.

That’s why we have developed an API that allows developers to write Nextcloud apps in any desired programming language. We call these „ExApps“ (short for „external apps“).

With ExApps, you can integrate complex computational functions, such as machine learning, to be deployed on external hardware. With Nextcloud Hub 10, we worked on the AppAPI to make it even more robust and ready for a big variety of apps.

In our tutorial, you will learn how to develop an ExApp in Python, but similar principles can be applied to any other programming language as well.

Extra: Basic troubleshooting techniques, reproducing bugs, and testing

Is your app not functioning as expected? Do you not know why the code is not working properly? Then it’s time for some basic troubleshooting tips, including:

• How to restart your Nextcloud instance
• How to access the browser console
• How to get the nextcloud.log file

Of course, it’s better to prevent than to cure. That’s why you can launch different versions of Nextcloud to reproduce bugs, test pull requests (PRs), or test user experience (UX) changes.